How does recycling generally affect energy consumption compared to producing new products?

Recycling typically uses less energy compared to producing new products, making it the correct answer. This is due to the fact that recycling processes often require less energy to process materials that have already been extracted, as opposed to extracting raw materials from the earth, refining them, and manufacturing new products from scratch. For instance, recycling aluminum saves about 90% of the energy required to produce it from bauxite ore.

Additionally, recycling helps reduce the need for mining, logging, and other resource-extraction processes, which are not only energy-intensive but also impact the environment negatively. By decreasing energy consumption, recycling contributes to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, making it a more sustainable choice for managing resources. Consequently, the emphasis on recycling reflects a shift toward energy efficiency and environmental responsibility.